Definition Of Hortatory Exposition :
A Hortatory exposition is a type of spoken or written text
that is intended to explain the listeners or readers that something should or
should not happen or be done. To strengthen the explanation, the speaker or
writer needs some arguments as the fundamental reasons of the given idea. In
other words, this kind of text can be called as argumentation. Hortatory
exposition text can be found in scientific books, journals, magazines,
newspaper articles, academic speech or lectures, research report etc. Hortatory
expositions are popular among science, academic community and educated people.
The generic structure of Hortatory exposition usually has three components: (1)
Thesis, (2) Arguments and (3) Recommendation.
A.Generic Structure of Hortatory
Exposition
1. Thesis : Statement or announcement of issue concern
2. Arguments : Reasons for concern that will lead to recommendation
3. Recommendation : Statement of what should or should not happen or be done based on the given arguments
1. Thesis : Statement or announcement of issue concern
2. Arguments : Reasons for concern that will lead to recommendation
3. Recommendation : Statement of what should or should not happen or be done based on the given arguments
B.Generic Features of Hortatory
Exposition
1.A Hortatory exposition focuses on generic
human and non human participants, except for speaker or writer referring to
self.
2.It uses mental processes. It is used to state what the writer or speaker thinks or feels about something. For example: realize, feel etc.
3.It often needs material processes. It is used to state what happens, e.g. ….has polluted… etc.
4.It usually uses Simple Present Tense and Present Perfect Tense.
5.Enumeration is sometimes necessary to show the list of given arguments: Firstly, secondly …, Finally, etc.
2.It uses mental processes. It is used to state what the writer or speaker thinks or feels about something. For example: realize, feel etc.
3.It often needs material processes. It is used to state what happens, e.g. ….has polluted… etc.
4.It usually uses Simple Present Tense and Present Perfect Tense.
5.Enumeration is sometimes necessary to show the list of given arguments: Firstly, secondly …, Finally, etc.
Now read this text of Hortatory
Exposition!
A Campaign of the Importance of Reading
Thesis:
Reading habit is poor among Indonesians because
most people haven’t realized the importance of reading
Argument 1
Reading is important
to transform knowledge and technology. By reading, one knows the world. He or
she will understand what he doesn’t see by himself or herself. The lines of the
paragraphs in an article contain pieces of knowledge. The knowledge is needed
to improve the quality of human’s life. Technology transformation from other
country can only be done by reading a lot various sources of literature.
Valuable books in libraries and bookstores mean nothing if they are not read.
Argument 2
Realizing the importance of reading will make
someone motivated to read. When we know that something is very important
because it can give us valuable information, we will try to get or do the
thing. For example, a businessman who always follows latest information or
news, will know what to do in his/ her business. He will make a good decision
to make a transaction. Most people in all developed countries have realized the
importance or reading and they have good reading habits. In bus and train
stations, vehicles, waiting rooms, parks, people like reading. They enjoy
reading which gives them valuable knowledge and inspiration.
Argument 3
A good understanding toward the importance of
reading can be achieved by well organized and effective campaign. To plant an
understanding in a generation’s minds is not an easy job. It needs a hard work
from all components of the nation, especially the government. A serious
campaign which is organized by the central and local government can help common
people wake up and stand to face the real competition. The campaign can be done
through various kinds of mass media such as TV, radio, booklets, bulletins,
newspapers, magazines. It can also be conducted by teachers, parents and all
people who care.
Recommendation
Therefore, a nation-wide effective campaign of
the importance of reading by all components of the nation should be done,
facilitated by the government, to face the tighter competition. The world has
forced globalization. Those people with little knowledge will be left behind.
To speed up the better change in this country, a good reading habit is really
important.
Read this text of Hortatory exposition!
Corruption
Thesis
(Announcement of issue concern)
(Announcement of issue concern)
Do you know what the meaning of corruption is?
What is the relation between money and corruption? Well, corruption is common
everywhere in the world, even in the United States. It’s just a matter
of intensity. However, it is quite shocking when one reliable survey claims Jakarta as the most corrupt place in Indonesia.
Argument 1
The survey has made me sad, actually, because I
stay and earn a living here in the capital. As most people know, Tanjung Priok
port smuggling is not a new thing at all. Entrepreneurs who want to minimize
their tax payments tend to do such a thing more often. They even bribe the
officials.
Argument 2
Well, I think the measures taken so far to
overcome the problem by punishing the corruptors is still not far enough. We
have to prevent the younger generations from getting a bad mentality caused by
corruption.
Recommendation
I believe we should start at the earliest stages
in school and I think everyone should be involved in the effort to eradicate
corruption. We must not make any distinction.
Adapted from: The Jakarta Post, February 2005
Adapted from: The Jakarta Post, February 2005
To make it clear, please remember the concept of
Hortatory exposition below:
HORTATORY EXPOSITION
Purpose : to persuade the readers or
listeners that something should or should not be the case.
Text Organization
A thesis
Arguments
Recommendation
A thesis
Arguments
Recommendation
Language Features:
•The use of emotive words (e.g. worried, alarmed etc)
•The use of words that qualify statements (e.g. usual, probably etc)
•The use of words that link arguments (e.g. firstly, However, therefore etc)
•The use of compound and complex sentence
•The use of modals and adverbs (e.g. may, must, should, etc)
•The use of subjective opinions using pronouns I and we
•The use of emotive words (e.g. worried, alarmed etc)
•The use of words that qualify statements (e.g. usual, probably etc)
•The use of words that link arguments (e.g. firstly, However, therefore etc)
•The use of compound and complex sentence
•The use of modals and adverbs (e.g. may, must, should, etc)
•The use of subjective opinions using pronouns I and we
